this world begins in

Germanium

often used in optical fiber manufacturing and electronics. It was named after Germany by Clemens Winkler.


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organelle

This text was transmitted through one of the many fiber-optic cables running through the Pacific ocean. Notably the Asia-America Gateway which connects South East Asia to the US via Guam. This data is sent to different data centers in the US, being hosted on GitHub. Accessing this page recalls that data.

The Asia-America Gateway was funded by 19 partners: AT&T (United States), BayanTel (Philippines), Bharti (India), BT Global Network Services (UK), CAT Telecom (Thailand), ETPI (Philippines), FPT Telecom (Vietnam), Authority for Info-Communications Technology Industry (Brunei Darussalam), Indosat (Indonesia), PLDT (Philippines), Saigon Postal Corporation (Vietnam), StarHub (Singapore), Ezecom/Telcotech (Cambodia), Telkom Indonesia (Indonesia), Telstra (Australia), Telekom Malaysia (Malaysia), Telecom New Zealand (New Zealand), Viettel (Vietnam), and the Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group.

For the manufacturing of underwater optical cables, raw germanium is often sourced from the Yunnan province, which is sent either to Sumitomo Electric Industries in Japan, or Corning Inc. in America. It’s used to dope silicon dioxide fibers to improve its index of refraction. For insulation, steel wire armor can come from South Korea such as with POSCO, and polyethylene manufactured from Taiwan. Copper conductors that run alongside the fibers may be sourced from Chile’s copper mines, and processed in Germany. Once bundled in Japan, the optical fibers are sent to France or the US to be wrapped and finalized. They’re tested in the UK, before deployment.

In 2023, the US and other Western countries have been talking about decoupling and derisking with China. China now requires local companies to have a license to export gallium and germanium. This limits the export of both elements. The US has been restricting exports and imports from and to China for years.